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Identify where ships are built and repaired

This article is near the ship repair and construction yard. For other uses, encounter Shipyard (disambiguation).

A shipyard (also called a dockyard) is a place where ships are congenital and repaired. These can be yachts, armed services vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Dockyards are sometimes more than associated with maintenance and basing activities than shipyards, which are sometimes associated more with initial construction. The terms are routinely used interchangeably, in role because the evolution of dockyards and shipyards has often acquired them to modify or merge roles.

Countries with large shipbuilding industries include Commonwealth of australia, Brazil, China, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Republic of ireland, Italian republic, Japan, the netherlands, Kingdom of norway, the Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, Ukraine, the United kingdom, the U.s.a. and Vietnam. The shipbuilding industry is more fragmented in Europe than in Asia where countries tend to have fewer, larger companies. Many naval vessels are built or maintained in shipyards owned or operated by the national government or navy.

Shipyards are constructed near the sea or tidal rivers to allow like shooting fish in a barrel access for their ships. The United Kingdom, for example, has shipyards on many of its rivers.

The site of a large shipyard will contain many specialised cranes, dry docks, slipways, dust-complimentary warehouses, painting facilities and extremely large areas for fabrication of the ships. After a send's useful life is over, it makes its terminal voyage to a shipbreaking yard, ofttimes on a beach in South Asia. Historically shipbreaking was carried on in drydock in adult countries, merely high wages and environmental regulations accept resulted in movement of the manufacture to developing regions.

History [edit]

The world'due south earliest known dockyards were congenital in the Harappan port metropolis of Lothal circa 2400 BC in Gujarat, Republic of india.^{[1] [ii]} Lothal'southward dockyards connected to an ancient course of the Sabarmati river on the merchandise route betwixt Harappan cities in Sindh and the peninsula of Saurashtra when the surrounding Kutch desert was a office of the Arabian Sea.

Lothal engineers accorded high priority to the creation of a dockyard and a warehouse to serve the purposes of naval trade. The dock was built on the eastern flank of the town, and is regarded by archaeologists every bit an engineering feat of the highest order. It was located away from the master current of the river to avoid silting, but provided admission to ships in high tide too.

The name of the ancient Greek metropolis of Naupactus means "shipyard" (combination of the Greek words ναύς naus send, boat and πήγνυμι pêgnumi, pegnymi builder, fixer). Naupactus' reputation in this field extends to the time of legend, where information technology is depicted as the place where the Heraclidae congenital a fleet to invade the Peloponnesus.

In the Spanish metropolis of Barcelona, the Drassanes shipyards were agile from at to the lowest degree the mid-13th century until the 18th century, although it at times served as a barracks for troops besides equally an arsenal. During its time of performance information technology was continuously inverse, rebuilt and modified, but two original towers and part of the original eight construction naves remain today. It is currently a maritime museum.

Ships were the first items to be manufactured in a manufacturing plant, several hundred years before the Industrial Revolution, in the Venice Arsenal, Venice, Italian republic. The Arsenal evidently mass-produced nearly 1 send every twenty-four hour period using pre-manufactured parts, and assembly lines and, at its height, employed 16,000 people.

Historic shipyards [edit]

• Lothal in Gujarat, India circa 2400 BC to 1900 BC^[1]
• Naupactus
• Roman shipyard of Stifone (Narni)
• Blackwall Yard 1614 to 1987
• Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Greenock, Scotland, 1711–1984
• Kraljevica Shipyard established on 28 April 1729 and still operating chiliad
• Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Co. Ltd 1837 to 1912
• William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton, Scotland 1840 to 1963
• John Brown & Visitor, Clydebank, Scotland 1851 to 1972
• Gdańsk Shipyard the birthplace of Solidarity Motility – (still a working yard)
• Swan Hunter – (closed in April 2006 and sold to Bharati Shipyards, India'southward second largest private sector shipbuilder)
• Harland and Wolff – (still a working yard)
• Cammell Laird – (still a working repair thousand)
• Blohm + Voss, where Bismarck was constructed (still a major 1000)
• Havana, long the just dockyard in the Caribbean during the colonial period, the Santísima Trinidad, largest warship of its time, was built in that location in 1769.
• Royal Naval Dockyards in the UK (including Woolwich, Deptford, Chatham, Portsmouth and Devonport), Gibraltar, Bombay, Bermuda, Hong Kong and elsewhere worldwide
• Charlestown Navy Yard, later Boston Navy 1000, Boston, Massachusetts 1800 to 1974
• Ulstein Verft, Norway, established in 1917 (still a working grand under the Ulstein Grouping)
• Navy Isle, Ontario, Canada – French in the 18th century, then British 1763 to State of war of 1812
• Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Mare Island, California, 1854 to 1996
• New York Naval Shipyard (NYNSY), also known as the Brooklyn Navy Chiliad, the New York Navy Yard, and U.s.a. Navy Yard, New York 1801 to 1966
• Philadelphia Naval Shipyard 1799 to 1995, at two locations
• San Francisco Naval Shipyard, later Hunters Signal Naval Shipyard, then Treasure Isle Naval Station Hunters Point Annex, 1941 to 1994
• Colonna's Shipyard 1875 to present- just 10 years after the War Between us ended.
• Long Embankment Naval Shipyard, 1943 to 1997
• Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, located on Maine-New Hampshire border; Operational: 1800 to present, making it the oldest continuously-operating shipyard of the US Navy.
• Chantiers de fifty'Atlantique (STX French republic) – established in 1861 (still a working yard)
• Nantes-Indret, France – Establish in 1771 it built ships for the American Revolution including the Deane.
• 3. Maj – One of the largest shipyard in Mediterranean, established in 1892 in Rijeka (still a working yard)
• SLKB Komarno (Komárno) – Slovak Shipyard Komárno – European shipyard on Danube, established in 1898
• Jean Street Shipyard 1843–present – The oldest continually operated shipyard in the U.Southward. Located on the Hillsborough River in Tampa, Florida.
• Gloucester Marine Railways 1859–present – Oldest working shipyard in New England. Located on Rocky Cervix in Gloucester, Massachusetts.

Prominent dockyards and shipyards [edit]

Africa [edit]

• Alexandria shipyard, the oldest shipyard in Africa founded in 1831 located in Alexandria, Egypt.
• African Marine Full general Engineering science & Company ltd, oldest & Biggest Dry dock in East Africa (Mombasa, Kenya) Founded in 1930.

North America [edit]

• Newport News Shipbuilding, (formerly Northrop Grumman Newport News) is the largest private ship builder in the United states and the 1 best known for its unique capacity to build the Nimitz-class shipping carriers.
• Ingalls Shipbuilding, part of Huntington Ingalls Industries, located in Pascagoula, Mississippi repaired the USS Cole and builds offshore drilling rigs, prowl ships and naval vessels.
• National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO) shipyard in San Diego, California, part of Full general Dynamics; is the primary shipbuilding location on the westward coast of the United States.
• Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia, is one of the largest shipyards in the globe; specializing in repairing, overhauling and modernizing naval ships and submarines. Information technology'south the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the United States Navy
• Electric Gunkhole Segmentation (EBDiv) of General Dynamics in Groton, Connecticut with an accompaniment facility in Quonset Signal, Rhode Island, builder of many Naval submarines over the past 100 years, with some types built but here.
• Bath Iron Works (BIW), subsidiary of General Dynamics, is a major American shipyard located on the Kennebec River in Bath, Maine.
• Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington, is also owned by the U.Southward. Navy. It services ships and submarines from the West Coast.
• The Portland, Oregon shipyard, operated by Cascade General Ship Repair (which is endemic by Vigor Industrial)^[three] is the largest such facility on the U.s.a. W Coast.
• Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility is operated by the US Navy. It services surface ships and submarines from the Pacific region.
• The Louisiana Port is along the Mississippi river. It involves the Bollinger company in St. Rose.
• Talleres Navales del Golfo (TNG) at the Port of Veracruz, United mexican states. Member of the Hutchison Port Holdings Group^[4]
• Swiftships LLC, has shipyards^[five] in Due north America, in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, where they build, integrate and sustain ships, including the USN's newest grade of Unmanned Surface Vehicles.

South America [edit]

• The DIANCA shipyard in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.
• SCRA^[6] (Construction Refurbishment and Armament Service) with ii dry docks, gear up for naval and full general vessel works.
  • Punta de Lobos (Wolves Point) in westward Montevideo, established in 1874.
  • Punta Maua (Maua Point) in east Montevideo, established in 1872.
• Tsakos Industrias Navales S.A.^[seven]
• Cotecmar shipyard in Cartagena, Republic of colombia.
• Enseada Industria Naval S.A., Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
• The SIMA shipyard in Callao, Peru.
• ASMAR shipyards in Valparaiso, Talcahuano and Punta Arenas, Republic of chile.

Europe [edit]

• Imperial Arsenal is in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1454, it is even so operated today under the proper noun Haliç Shipyard.
• Riga Shipyard is in Riga, Republic of latvia. Established in 1913 and revived afterwards both world wars, it remains i of the largest shipyards in the Baltic region.
• Ferguson Shipbuilders is in Port Glasgow in inverclyde Scotland on the River Clyde. The Ferguson yard has been building ships for over a 110 years

• BAE Systems Surface Ships operates iii shipbuilding yards in the U.k.; Portsmouth, England and Scotstoun and Govan on the River Clyde in Glasgow, Scotland. Major projects include the Type 45 destroyer and the Queen Elizabeth-grade aircraft carriers.
• BAE Systems Submarine Solutions operates a major shipyard at Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria, England. It is one of the few yards in the world capable of edifice nuclear submarines such as the Royal Navy's Vanguard class. Preceding companies such every bit Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering take constructed hundreds of surface ships and civilian vessels in Barrow since the tardily 19th century.
• Fincantieri – Cantieri Navali Italiani S.p.A.^[8] is an Italian shipbuilding visitor based in Trieste, Italy. Information technology was formed in 1959 and is the largest shipbuilder in Europe, and i of the largest in the world. The company has built both commercial and armed services vessels during its history.
• Lürssen (or Lürssen Werft) is a German shipbuilding company based in Bremen-Vegesack. Lürssen designs and constructs yachts, naval ships and special vessels. Trading as Lürssen Yachts, it is i of the leading builders of custom superyachts.
• Chantiers de l'Atlantique in Saint-Nazaire
• Odense Steel Shipyard - also known equally Lindøværftet.
• Finland STX
• Russian shipyards in Vyborg, Kronstadt NovoAdmirality, Admiralty, Baltic Verf, Severnaja Verf, Sevmash, Kaliningrad Baltic Verf, Murmansk areas, Zvezda and Vostok Raffles near Vladivostok along Dalzavod, Azovskaja SudoVerf and Zaliv, More, Sevastopol SMZ are some of the master shipyards included the largest ones.
• Kiel HDW
• Amsterdam Shipyards

• Hamburg Shipyards
• Emden Shipyard
• The Meyer Werft GmbH is i of the major German shipyards, headquartered in Papenburg at the river Ems. Founded in 1795 and starting with pocket-size wooden vessels, today Meyer Werft is one of earth'southward leading builders of luxury passenger ships. Birthday almost 700 ships of different types have been built at the 1000.
• Navantia: major public Spanish shipbuilding business firm, which offers its services to both armed forces and civil sector in iii industrial areas: Cartagena / Cádiz / Ferrol (headquarters: Madrid) and with recent important projects as F100-class frigate plan and S-80-course submarine program
• Construcciones Navales del Norte LaNaval, Sestao (Bilbao)
• Cernaval
• Lisnave: repair facilities in Setúbal (Lisbon, Portugal)

• 

  Devonport Dockyard, located in the city of Plymouth, England in the canton of Devon is the largest naval base in Western Europe. It has xv dry docks, four miles (half-dozen.4 km) of waterfront, 25 tidal berths, five basins and covers 650 acres (2.vi km²). It is the main refitting base for Majestic Navy nuclear submarines and also handles work on frigates. It is the base for seven of the Trafalgar-class nuclear-powered hunter-killer submarines and many frigates, exploiting its convenient access to the Atlantic Ocean. It supports the Vanguard-class Trident missile nuclear ballistic missile submarines in a custom-built refitting dock. It houses HMSCourageous, a nuclear-powered submarine used in the Falklands State of war and open up to the general public.^[9] Facilities in the local expanse also include a major naval training establishment and a base of operations for the Majestic Marines.
• Chatham Dockyard, located on the River Medway in Kent, was established every bit a majestic dockyard past Queen Elizabeth I in 1567. For 414 years, the Dockyard provided over 500 ships for the Royal Navy, and was forefront of shipbuilding, industrial and architectural engineering science. At its superlative, it employed over 10,000 skilled artisans and covered 400 acres (1.6 kmⁱⁱ). The dockyard closed in 1984, and virtually of the Georgian dockyard is now managed equally a company attraction by the Chatham Celebrated Dockyard Trust.
• Sobrena in Brest, France. It operates three drydocks, up to 420 by 80 metres (1,380 by 260 ft).
• Sunderland, Canton Durham a town once hailed as the "Largest Shipbuilding Boondocks in the World".^[10] ships were built on the at Sunderland Docks from at least 1346^[11] and by the mid-18th century Sunderland was one of the primary shipbuilding towns in the country.
• Constanţa Shipyard in Romania on the shores of the Black Sea Basin.
• Mangalia Shipyard once again in Romania, 45 km (28 mi) south of the port of Constanța.
• Galați shipyard Galați is the largest naval shipyard on the Danube, given its strategic positioning inland but with access to the ocean through either Sulina or Danube-Black Bounding main canal its output ranges from large tankers to research vessels, yachts and small coast guard patrol boats. The yard is known for taking on specialty projects and under Damen has completed over such 250 vessels since 1999.

East Asia [edit]

• Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation'south Kobe Shipyard & Machinery Works in Japan builds oil tankers, LNG carriers, bulk carriers, container ships, Ro/Ro vessels, jetfoils and warships for the Nippon Maritime Cocky-Defense Forcefulness
• Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding's Tamano Works builds bulk carriers, ore carriers, crude oil tankers, oil product carriers, LNG carriers, LPG carriers, reefers, container ships, pure car carriers, cargo ships, patrol vessels, ocean surveillance ships, training vessels, fishery patrol boats and line-fishing boats
• Mitsubishi Heavy Industries's Nagasaki Shipyard & Mechanism Works primarily produces specialized commercial vessels, including LNG carriers, oil tankers and rider cruise ships
• Hyundai Heavy Industries Ulsan Shipyard & Gunsan shipyard, in S Korea, is currently the largest in the world and has the capability to build a diverseness of vessels including Commercial Cargo, FPSO offshore, container ship, LNG Carrier, Auto carriers, Tankers like VLCC & ULCC, Atomic number 26 ore carrier and Naval vessels similar Aegis destroyers & submarines.
• Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries Samho shipyard about Mokpo quaternary largest South Korean shipyard for VLCC Oil tankers, container ships & LNG, Offshore, Subsidiary of Hyundai heavy industries.
• Hyundai Mipo dockyard, Ulsan bay shipyard chemical ships, LPG carriers, Special ships. Subsidiary of Hyundai Heavy Industries
• CSBC Corporation, Taiwan, in Taiwan, is a private company that produces ships for civilian and military use. Information technology was a state-owned enterprise of Taiwan (Commonwealth of China) only transitioned to individual ownership via an IPO in 2008. It is headquartered in Kaohsiung and shipyards in Kaohsiung and Keelung.
• Yantai Raffles Shipyard, in Yantai, Prc, is that country'due south largest offshore architect. It employs the twenty,000 ton crane Taisun, the holder of the Heavy Lift Earth Record.^[12] Yantai Raffles' portfolio includes offshore platforms, pipe lay and other specialized vessels.
• Jiangnan Shipyard, in Shanghai, China, is a subsidiary of China State Shipbuilding Corporation that produces both military and civilian ships. Its headquarters and principal shipyard are based in Shanghai, with subsidiary shipyards in Shanghai and Chongqing.
• Bohai Shipyard, in Huludao, Mainland china, is a subsidiary of Red china Shipbuilding Industry Corporation that produces armed forces (including nuclear powered vessels) and civilian ships.

South East Asia [edit]

• Keppel Shipyard (Singapore)
• Kinabalu North Shipyard & Maritime^[13] (Sabah, Malaysia)
• ST Engineering Marine (Singapore)
• Jurong Shipyard Pte Ltd^[14] (Singapore)
• Penguin Shipyard International, a subsidiary of Penguin International Limited^[15] (Singapore)
• Hanjin shipyard in Subic, Zambales, Philippines
• Selat Melaka Shipbuilding Corporation^[16] (Malaysia)
• PT Surya Prima Bahtera Heavy Industries,^[17] in Batam, Indonesia.^[18]
• The Bangkok Dock Company^[19] Sattahip, Thailand
• Marsun Company Limited (MCL)^[20] Samutprakarn, Thailand
• Marine Acme Thai Dockyard (MAT)^[21] Samutprakarn, Thailand
• Bason Shipyard, in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, is a long-standing architect that was established past the French government in Apr, 1863 to repair warships and merchant vessels. Aside from its principal function of building and repairing naval vessels, Bason also offers service to local and foreign customers from Southeast Asia and Europe.^[22]
• PT. Dok Duasatu Nusantara in Jakarta, Indonesia.
• PT Kim Seah Shipyard Indonesia in Batam, Indonesia, a subsidiary of Penguin International Limited.^[23]
• PT Karyasindo Samudra Biru Shipyard in Batam, Indonesia, a well-established steel and aluminium shipbuilder in the region.^[24]

S Asia and the Middle East [edit]

Cranes in Cochin Shipyard (Republic of india).

Dhaka Shipyard – welding propellers

• Haque Dockyard, situated in the capital Dhaka, one of the oldest and trusted proper noun in shipbuilding sector of Bangladesh.
• FMC Dockyard is one of the largest shipyard of People's republic of bangladesh, located in Eastern Banking company of the Karnaphuli river in Chittagong. The dockyard has its own forrard and astern linkage.

106-by-26-metre (348 ft × 85 ft) Syncrolift and side transfer system.

• Western Marine Shipyard, a leading shipyard in Bangladesh based in Chittagong. The shipyard has been exporting ships and vessels to a number of European, Asian and African countries.
• Khulna Shipyard is the oldest shipyard in Bangladesh, situated in Khulna. It mainly produces warships for People's republic of bangladesh Navy. Recently it too started to build commercial vessels similar cargo send, container, oil tanker for local buyers.
• Ananda Shipyard and Shipways, ane of the largest shipyards in Bangladesh, located in Narayanganj. It is a 100% export oriented shipyard.
• Pipavav Shipyard in Gujarat, India, is the leading, modernistic and largest engineering facility in the business organisation of ships and offshore platforms construction, repair and conversion, heavy engineering and offshore engineering science in South Asia.
• Colombo Dockyard in Colombo, Sri Lanka, is the largest engineering facility in the business of transport repair, shipbuilding, heavy engineering and offshore technology in Sri Lanka.
• NorthStar Shipbuilding Pvt Limited^[25] in New Bombay, India, is one of the leading shipyard in Bharat for small and mid-size ships.
• Sulkha Shipyard^[26] builds a broad variety of ships. Information technology has been in functioning for 500 years.
• Cochin Shipyard in Kochi, India, is that country's largest shipyard. It is building the Vikrant-course shipping carrier.
• Garden Achieve Shipbuilders and Engineers is located in India. It is owned by the Authorities of India and is constructing the Shardul-course tank landing ships for the Indian Navy.
• Karachi Shipyard and Naval Dockyard in Karachi, Pakistan, is that state's first and oldest k. It constructs cargo ships, tugboats, back up vessels, and warships.
• Mazagaon Dockyard, operated past state-endemic Mazagaon Dock Limited, is one of India's largest shipyards. It constructs a variety of ships both for the defense and civilian sector. The dockyard is known for constructing Britain's HMSTrincomalee. Currently the shipyard is building three Shivalik-form frigates and three Kolkata-class destroyers for the Indian Navy.
• The embankment at Alang in the Indian state of Gujarat is the site of a large complex of shipbreaking yards. In 2022, the chiliad dismantled 357 ships; on boilerplate the yard processes 28–30 ships a month.^[27]
• The Jebel Ali and Dubai ports in the UAE are capable of handling, constructing and repairing big ships. They likewise provide dry out dock facilities.^[28]
• The gate seven of Shuwaikh port in the Kuwait has facility for repairing ships. They also provide dry dock facilities.^[29]
• Lavgan Dockyard Pvt. Ltd. India's newest transport repair facility (operational from June 2022). 106-past-26-metre (348 ft × 85 ft) Syncrolift and side transfer system.
• MOC Shipyards Private Limited, originating from Commonwealth of australia but relocated to Goa, India. Specialising in the construction of landing arts and crafts, work vessels and rider transportation vessels, 100% export markets only and run under Australian Management and Buying.

See also [edit]

• List of shipbuilders and shipyards
• Shipbuilding
• Shipyard transporter

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Centre, UNESCO Earth Heritage. "Archaeological remains of a Harappa Port-Town, Lothal". UNESCO Globe Heritage Centre . Retrieved 2022-02-10 .
2. ^ https://theprint.in/republic of india/governance/this-is-modi-govts-program-for-indias-beginning-national-maritime-museum-in-gujarats-lothal/376488/
3. ^ "Vigor Marine". Vigor Industrial. Archived from the original on July 22, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
4. ^ "Visitor (about usa)". TNG. Archived from the original on April two, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
5. ^ "History and Milestones". Swiftships.
6. ^ "SCRA". SCRA. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved July half dozen, 2022.
7. ^ "TSK". Tsakos Industrias Navales S.A. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
8. ^ East-mail * Saisissez votre adresse électronique. (24 December 2022). "STX Europe démantelé, Fincantieri va devenir le géant européen de la navale" (in French). Mer et Marine. Archived from the original on 2022-05-02. Retrieved 2013-04-30 .
9. ^ "Submarine Museum marks Falklands 30th anniversary". BBC. May 2, 2022. Archived from the original on June 14, 2022.
10. ^ "History of Shipbuilding in the North East". BBC . Retrieved 18 Jan 2007.
11. ^ "History of shipbuilding on Wearside". Bbc.co.uk . Retrieved 4 August 2022.
12. ^ "Yantai Raffles' earth-record gantry crane should meet first lift this year – Offshore". Offshore-magazine.com. Retrieved 2012-05-19 .
13. ^ "Kinabalu Northward Shipyard & Maritime Sdn Bhd". www.kinabalunorth.com . Retrieved 2020-01-31 .
14. ^ "Jurong Shipyard Pte Ltd". Jurong Shipyard Pte Ltd. Archived from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2022.
15. ^ "Penguin Shipyard International". Archived from the original on 2022-08-eighteen.
16. ^ "Selat Melaka Shipbuilding Corporation". Selat Melaka. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
17. ^ "Surya Prima Bahtera Heavy Industries". SPB. Archived from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
18. ^ "Kinabalu North Shipyard & Maritime Sdn Bhd". world wide web.kinabalunorth.com . Retrieved 2020-01-31 .
19. ^ "The Bangkok Dock Visitor (1957) Express". The Bangkok Dock Visitor. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved July six, 2022.
20. ^ "Marsun Company Limited". Marsun Company Limited. Archived from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved July half dozen, 2022.
21. ^ "Marine Acme Thai Dockyard". MAT. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved July half-dozen, 2022.
22. ^ "Bason Shipyard'southward Brief History" (in Vietnamese). Bason Shipyard Website. Archived from the original on March iii, 2022. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
23. ^ "PT Kim Seah Shipyard Indonesia". Archived from the original on 2022-08-11.
24. ^ "PT Karyasindo Samudra Biru Shipyard Indonesia". Archived from the original on 2022-12-20.
25. ^ "NorthStar Shipbuilding Pvt Ltd". NorthStar Shipbuilding Pvt Ltd. Archived from the original on July 6, 2022. Retrieved July half dozen, 2022.
26. ^ "Sulkha Shipyard". Sulkha Shipyard. Archived from the original on March thirty, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
27. ^ "Alang send-breakers face Rs two,000-cr hit from Rupee fall". The Economic Times. January thirteen, 2022. Archived from the original on Nov 14, 2022.
28. ^ "Drydocks World: Contour". drydocks.gov.ae. Archived from the original on 2022-05-04. Retrieved 2020-05-13 .
29. ^ "HOME". www.heisco.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved half-dozen May 2022.

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Eatables has media related to Shipyards.

• Shipbuilding History – extensive collection of information about Due north American shipyards, including over 500 pages of Us shipyard structure records
• Shipyards United States – from GlobalSecurity.org

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipyard

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